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Dietary habits such as increasing fruit and vegetable intake and decreasing intake of animal protein may play a role in reducing susceptibility to some types of kidney stones, since the foods we eat influence the composition of our urine (Heilberg 2013). Increasing fluid intake is one of the most effective ways to prevent kidney stones, since greater urine volume decreases the concentration of stone-forming compounds. Thus, taking steps to reduce kidney stone risk after a first episode is of the utmost importance. Unfortunately, kidney stones have a high rate of recurrence: without treatment, the risk of a second episode of kidney stones is as high as 50% during the seven years following the first occurrence (Xu 2013). Kidney stones can cause extreme pain and urinary blockage in severe cases (UMMC 2013).Ībout 7% of women and 13% of men in the United States will have at least one bout of kidney stones requiring medical attention in their lifetime (Aliotta 2015). Kidney stones form when compounds in the urine aggregate into a solid mass (Aggarwal 2013). Fish oil: Fifteen healthy people were given EPA and DHA for 30 days excessive urinary oxalate excretion and calcium oxalate saturation was decreased at the end of the trial.Vitamin B6: In a 14-year study in women, kidney stone risk was 34% lower in those who consumed the most vitamin B6 per day from diet and supplements compared with those who consumed the least.Probiotics: Certain Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria strains may reduce urinary oxalate and decrease kidney stone risk, especially in people with high urinary oxalate concentrations.Taken in its citrate form, calcium can help alkalinize urine and reduce the rate of stone formation. Calcium: High dietary calcium has been shown to decrease kidney stone risk.In order to bind dietary oxalate, magnesium must be taken at the same time as oxalate-containing foods.
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Magnesium: Higher magnesium consumption, and especially magnesium citrate, is significantly associated with lower risk of calcium oxalate kidney stones.Reduce dietary purines (including organ meats and seafood) and dietary oxalates (including spinach and French fries).Eat more fruits and vegetables, as they are protective against most types of kidney stones.Increase fluid intake, especially citrus juices and mineral water.This probiotic is currently available only as a pharmaceutical, not as a dietary supplement. Oxalobacter formigenes, bacteria found in the digestive tract, prevented calcium oxalate kidney stones in clinical studies.Sleep position may predict the side on which kidney stones will occur, as a study showed 76% of kidney stone formers slept on the same side as their stones.Bisphosphonates can help keep urine calcium concentrations from rising by reducing bone breakdown and calcium loss.Preventive treatment may include allopurinol or thiazide diuretics.Lithotripsy uses shock waves to break the kidney stone into smaller fragments.Pain management is often accomplished with nonnarcotic or narcotic pain relievers and NSAIDs.All kidney stones have their composition analyzed and a 24-hour urine analysis is performed for both diagnosis and prevention.Kidney stones are sometimes found during diagnostic imaging that is being performed for another reason.A patient’s history, physical exam, and urinalysis often clearly indicate acute kidney stones.The hallmark symptom of a kidney stone is sudden, severe flank pain that is usually one-sided.Kidney stones can be present in the kidney without causing symptoms, sometimes for years.However, low calcium intake is now known to increase kidney stone risk. Note: It was assumed that calcium intake, from diet or supplements, contributed to kidney stone risk. Animal protein intake can increase the risk of kidney stones.Urine composition, such as pH, excessive calcium, oxalates, or uric acid in the urine are associated with kidney stone risk.Dehydration is an important risk factor for all types of kidney stones.Magnesium and calcium, particularly in their citrate forms vitamin B6 and probiotics may help prevent kidney stones. Kidney stone formers are at twice the risk for developing decreased kidney function and chronic kidney disease compared with non-formers. There are different types of stones, with some of the most common being calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, and uric acid stones. They can cause extreme pain and urinary blockage. Kidney stones form when compounds in the urine gather into a solid mass.